How to Create a Reaction Paper

The most effective method to Create a Reaction Paper The most effective method to Write a Response Paper The response paper is a basic survey containing a basic investigation of the examination and assessment of a thesis, a monograph, a logical article, or some other logical work. The survey is an auxiliary book, the consequence of the handling of data contained in the first content. It performs instructive and assessment works, that is, accommodates illuminating, colleague with logical work, appraisal, and appearance in a logical society of certain information. The component of this archive is the capacity to convey, lead a discourse (frequently nonexistent) between the commentator and the writer of the work, the analyst and the perusers. The creator of the audit can show their own qualities, the individual goes about as an expert or polemicist, who, with information on the case, assesses the first archive, submits remarks, offers guidance and proposals, and starts a logical exchange. Composing such an exposition requires investigation of response papers for improving composing aptitudes, just as the examination of a logical article, surveying its qualities and shortcomings, points of interest and hindrances, deciding the importance of the subject and the logical oddity of the exploration results. The Essence of Critical Analysis Basic investigation is a significant piece of the advanced logical procedure. For the advancement of science, it is important that the exploration strategies and results are concentrated in detail so as to choose the best course for the improvement of things to come research. In the event that the examination was checked on and acknowledged for distribution, researchers and perusers could be certain that the article satisfies certain guidelines and the exploration can be trusted. (Current science depends primarily on distributions in logical periodicals; accordingly, if a researcher distributes a second rate study or commits an error in figurings, tests, or ends, it might prompt mistakes in further exploration by different researchers). During the time spent breaking down the article can become:More solid. Commentators may demonstrate holes in the creators work, which require progressively point by point clarification or extra investigations. Simpler for recognition. On the off chance that a few minutes in crafted by the writer are hard for the peruser to see, commentators may request to address them. Progressively valuable. Analysts look at the writers research on the topic of their subject area.The Main Stages of Writing a Paper To accomplish victory, the accompanying advances are required when composing the response paper rubrics. Discover which logical issue the creator attempts to tackle. Remember that a logical issue is a type of information whose substance is something that isn't yet known by man. At the end of the day, the logical issue is the information about numbness, an inquiry that emerges during the time spent information and requires an answer. The issue as information on numbness mirrors the negative snapshot of the difficult circumstance, which shows the restricted psychological and functional abilities of the subject in a specific phase of advancement of insight. In any case, it is likewise a methods and strategy for finding new information. Issues themselves emerge either because of a crash of the hypothesis with perception, with viable action or because of logical inconsistencies in a specific hypothesis. Comprehend the reason for the article and set the undertaking of the specialist. Does it answer a logical issue? Will the creator illuminate it totally or in certain viewpoints? What logical techniques are utilized by the analyst and for what parts of examination? Is the utilization of these strategies legitimized; would they say they are appropriate for taking care of a logical issue? Assess the unwavering quality of the sources, the practicality of their utilization, and the level of freedom of the arrangements got by the creator of the investigation. In this stage, you should work out the bibliographic rundown of the article, discover the level of logical improvement of the issue and assess the commitment of the on-screen character of the article. Expound on what is your assessment about the estimation of the examination. Could its outcomes be utilized by and by? How? Could the discoveries of the creator be the reason for additional examination? Could the distribution be helpful to understudies? Would it be able to be intriguing for a wide scope of perusers? Rules of Reaction Papers Creation After you have gotten spurred answers to every one of your inquiries, begin composing a response paper. Recall that composing a survey requires time. This is a keen audit of the content subsequent to perusing and re-perusing a few times. In the first place, you should peruse the content, note the most significant minutes, re-read it, and afterward begin considering its substance and your impressions once more. As an extraordinary sort of text, the response paper has certain highlights. In the first place, similar to all other logical papers, it has a particular configuration. Second, the survey contains appraisals, positive or negative, yet assessments must be validated. Given that the response paper contains evaluations, they ought to be submitted as per the standards of correspondence. Negative assessments are not permitted to be communicated in a sharp structure, without certain proof. It isn't permitted to communicate negative assessments to the creators of logical work yet just to the material of the announcement. The volume of the response paper ought to be around 700-800 words. The work must contain the title of the record, the writers last name and initials, the distribution year, the pages on which the article is posted, the content, which ought to be introduced in a discretionary structure, an examination and assessment of the article, a general sentiment on the friend evaluated text, date and family name and initials of the analyst. Basic Approaches During the time spent basic investigation of a logical article, it is valuable to think from the perspective of three unique gatherings of people.Authors. The researcher needs to audit the article in the manner that the person might want different commentators to investigate their own work. Assume the writers give a valiant effort to compose great quality work, yet they need a target see from the side, help in recognizing issues with techniques, dissecting, or presenting the material itself. Editorial manager of the logical diary. For the manager of the magazine, the fundamentally significant are the remarks on the pertinence and logical curiosity of work, which the researcher is exploring. Editors need to distribute just top notch archives in their magazine. When choosing such records, the manager needs master help to decide whether exploration is at a fitting level inside the branch of knowledge. Analysts assist editors with improving the nature of a distribution before they are distributed in the diary. Perusers. The researcher needs to recognize places that require explanation or increasingly point by point portrayal with the goal that perusers can undoubtedly comprehend the work. As a commentator, a researcher can spare perusers time by expelling irrelevant pieces of the article or by rectifying botches in research.There are a few inquiries to reply before beginning work on response paper: Is the researchers capability adequate? Does the writer have sufficient opportunity to address the article? It ought to be recollected that inspecting is a significant commitment to science, alongside examination and educating, so it merits giving sufficient opportunity and exertion to this procedure. Are there any expected irreconcilable situations? The researcher ought to assess the work as unmistakably and unbiasedly as could be expected under the circumstances. Possible irreconcilable situations include:The analyst or the creator may endure monetarily (building up a commentator is a contending item). The analyst has solid individual emotions (positive or negative) to one of the writers (for instance, a previous instructor of the essayist). The researcher distributed articles with one of the writers of the article.Knowing these guidelines and suggestions, you can make a decent basic article (a response paper). Your composing abilities will improve; it will add to your achievement in school. Take a stab at composing an article and you will see this is a fascinating and subjective action.

Essay on Notes for Censorship of Books

Exposition on Notes for Censorship of Books Exposition on Notes for Censorship of Books Note card one Source Title: About prohibited and tested books Author(s): ALA Step by step instructions to discover: ala.org/bbooks/about Creator's Words (cites, statistics)... Books normally are tested with the best aims to ensure others, as often as possible youngsters, from troublesome thoughts and information... Frequently challenges are propelled by a craving to shield youngsters from â€Å"inappropriate† sexual substance or â€Å"offensive† language... In his book Free Speech for Me-But Not for Thee: How the American Left and Right Relentlessly Censor Each Other, Nat Hentoff composes that â€Å"the desire to smother can emerge out of any direction.† He cites Phil Kerby, a previous editorial manager of the Los Angeles Times, as saying, â€Å"Censorship is the most grounded drive in human instinct; sex is a feeble second.†... My words: The contrast between testing a book and forbidding it is that a test is an endeavor to evacuate or confine materials, while restricting a book is the expulsion of those materials. Most books are normally tested with the idea of well meaning goals. The main three purposes behind testing a book are: 1.) The material was viewed as explicitly unequivocal 2.) The material contained hostile language 3.) The material was unsuited to any age gathering Note card two: Source Title: About restricted and tested books Author(s): ALA The most effective method to discover: ala.org/bbooks/about Creator's Words... On the off chance that there is a bedrock rule fundamental the First Amendment, it is that the administration may not preclude the declaration of a thought basically on the grounds that society considers the thought itself hostile or disagreeable... Limitation of free idea and free discourse is the most risky everything being equal. It is the one un-American act that could most effectively crush us... My words: Consistently, a lot more and various types of individuals and gatherings of all influences who have endeavored and keep on endeavoring to challenge books that can't help contradicting their own convictions. Note card three: Source Title: First Amendment Site Author(s): Lehigh University The most effective method to discover: lehigh.edu/~infirst/bookcensorship.html Creator's Words... Restriction is the point at which an individual or gathering effectively forces their qualities upon others by smothering words, pictures or thoughts and keeping them from arriving at the open commercial center of ideas... Books are tested or edited in urban areas and towns everywhere throughout the nation for a large number of reasons... My words: Book oversight has been noted as right on time as 399 B.C., when Socrates was condemned to drink poison for tainting his understudies. Difficulties are not simply and individual communicating a perspective or in any event, grumbling about the substance of a book. Rather, challenges are a push to expel that book from the school's educational program of library. Note card four: Source Title: First Amendment Site Author(s): Lehigh University Instructions to discover: lehigh.edu/~infirst/bookcensorship.html Creator's words... Amazing establishments may bolster oversight the Catholic Church assembled arrangements of prohibited books since 1559, and just halted the training in 1966... Books including sexual relations, particularly gay connections, are regularly targeted... A contemporary most loved was tested in Arkansas since it delineated witchcraft... My words: Most books including sexual relations, particularly homosexuality, are frequently focused on. A 1995 government legal dispute associated with the Olathe, Kansas, educational committee casted a ballot to evacuate the book Annie on My Mind, (Nancy Garden, July 1982) from school libraries in light of the fact that the book delineates a lesbian connection between two adolescents. Note Card five: Source Title: Frequently tested books of the 21st century Author(s): ALA Step by step instructions to discover: ala.org/bbooks/frequentlychallengedbooks/top10 Creator's words... Every year, the ALA's Office for Intellectual Freedom (OIF)

Little things

Little things I’m from the Philippines. There are big things that are different from home, like the weird practice of tipping, or how there’s functional public transport, or how high school works. Oddly enough, noticing these isn’t what makes me feel like I’m not in the Philippines anymore. Because, you know, American food? Something I’ve seen in the movies. The way your breath fogs up with you breathe out? Cool, but only the first time. The leaves changing color? Happens too quickly. Really, so much of the big stuff I’ve already seen or heard of through the American films and shows I’ve watched since birth, and that media consumption played a big part in reducing my initial culture shock. But sometimes I trip, and something reminds me that I’m not in the Philippines anymore. Often, it’s the little things that get me. I asked a bunch of other international-student-friends for suggestions, and I’m too lazy to format this in any coherent way, so here’s a list of things that are different in the US. 01 em18 Things All International Students Can Relate To! You won’t believe number 12!/em Back at home, we use spoons and forks for everything. Eating stuff with knives? If your meat wasn’t soft enough that you could slice it with a spoon and fork, you’re cooking wrong. And who eats  rice with forks? How are you going to scoop it into your mouth? The default of forks and knives very quickly frustrated me, so I started bringing a reusable set of utensils everywhere. The concept of  layers is foreign to me. Back at home, if I wasn’t wearing my school uniform, I was wearing a shirt and shorts or pants. All the time, unless I was going to a formal. I would almost never wear jackets, and when I did, it would be to keep the rain out. Apparently people don’t just wear a really warm jacket, but  multiple layers of clothing in order to keep warm. I’m sure those of you who’ve been to a place with an actual winter are scoffing at me right now, but cut me some slack. And  coat racks! Now I understand why these exist, because you take off clothing layers when indoors. Okay. Sure. Cool. Back at home, we didn’t use toilet paper, but a bidet. No, not a bidet sink, but a bidet shower, which is like a hand-controlled shower head that delivers a spray of water. photo: Sv7n, from wikipedia commons, cc by 3 Using toilet paper is just weird to me. Also, flushing toilet paper is also weirdâ€"back at home, if you chose to use toilet paper rather than a bidet, you threw it away in a separate bin. Tap water in Cambridge is potable. That’s  insane. Every time I drink water from the tap, I can still hear my parents whispering faintly in my ear, warning me not to drink the tap water because it’s dirty. I’ve paid mostly using cards, and I don’t carry that much money around. Probably because there’s a larger proportion of places here that accept cards than back at home, where lots of small businesses don’t accept cards. And even of the places that do, often, getting a card to work takes effort. It’s weird not having the tangible sensation of spending money. I’m not sure how that’s affected my spending habits. Units. Oh  goodness don’t get me started on how  atrocious  the units of measurement are here. The only reason I can withstand it all is because, through some unfortunate decisions, the Philippines  also uses this weird conglomerate of metric and imperial units. Measuring speed? Kilometers per hour. Mass? If it’s a baby’s weight, ounces; otherwise, kilograms. Distance? The depth of a pool is measured in feet. If it’s your height, feet and inches.02 unless you’re in a hospital, in which case, centimeters If you’re travelling, kilometers. Yards for textiles, inches for body measurements, inches for TVs and paintings and beds. The most common letter size is US Letter rather than A4, but everyone uses Celsius. i forget who first shared this to me but the philippine sitaution isnt that different While I’m totally fine with some imperial units, like inches or feet or pounds, it’s the rest that make no sense to me. Miles are bad. Yards are worse. And Fahrenheit is the worst. It is the infernal scum of a unit that somehow deemed itself usable enough to have perpetuated to an entire country. I’m surprised it hasn’t been exterminated with the glory that is Celsius. 03 I HAVE VERY STRONG FEELINGS ABOUT THIS TRIVIAL MATTER. Thanks. My parents never got insurance, and neither did any of my friends’ parents back at home, it seems. I mean, I knew insurance was an American Thing; it was in the movies and people talked about paying for it. And I knew that apparently if you break things then you get “insurance money”? Well, I have health insurance now, and I know what it is, I guess. People introduce themselves as coming from states, and not provinces. Back at home, people would say things like, oh, I’m from Ilocos Norte, or my family’s from Zamboanga. But three New York Cities would be larger than either of these provinces. I feel it gives less information when someone tells you they’re from South Dakota rather than Negros Oriental. But come to think of it, I can’t really distinguish much between Philippine provinces myself, other than the information I would get from knowing their general area. Oops? When the temperature gets subzero,04 Celsius, of course tiny bits of  ice form on the sidewalk. I mean, ice! On the sidewalk! I later asked a friend if my snot would freeze over if I stayed outside long enough, and was disappointed to find out that it doesn’t. Not that I would want that to happen to me. Crossing roads. Back at home, if you’re on one side of a major intersection and had to get to the other, you went on an overpass. A footbridge. Pedestrian bridge? Whatever they’re called. a particularly egregious example, photo abs-cbn They’re not usually as high as the one in the pictureâ€"often it’s around twenty steps up, a straight line all the way to the other side, then twenty steps down. It does mean that you can cross the road anytime you want to, without having to wait for a traffic light, but they aren’t really that accessible. Also, if you wait by the side of the road on the pedestrian crossing without a stoplight, cars will wait for you to cross. They like, stop in front of the crossing, smile at you, even wave. Back at home, you had to wait for a natural break in the traffic before you step on a crossing. If you tried to pull off the “cross because the cars are far away and they’ll stop for you”, you’re gonna get hit. Culture-wise, small talk is something I haven’t quite gotten the hang of. My impression of small talk was that people talked about the weather. Or uh, talking to strangers. Like how I was in the bus stop the other day, and someone asked me if there was a next bus coming, and we talked about the bus’s sporadic schedule. Or even how English doesn’t really have a formal register, so people tend to be pretty informal with superiors, at least compared to back at home. There’s a concept called  tingi, which is buying and selling goods in really small amounts. People buy oil buy the cupful, or cigarettes by the stick, packets of powdered coffee enough for a cup, single-use seasoning packs, or shampoo sachets, or sugar, or detergent. Buying in bulk is just something that a lot of people don’t do, and often just isn’t an option with a lot of stores.Here, I get almost everything in bulk. Having to buy goods in bulk takes a different mindset, especially when planning around storage and spoilage. I like it more, but sometimes I wish I could just drop by a  sari-sari store by the corner and get a pack of instant ramen. Holidays, though this one’s probably more from the fact I come from the Philippines than from the fact that US holidays are weird. But yes, the fact that people are leaving MIT for Thanksgiving break makes me conscious that I don’t really celebrate Thanksgiving, nor could I just  come home for break, because flights home are expensive. But holidays at home are different too. In the Philippines, you see, Christmas begins in September, and lasts until January, probably because we don’t really have any other holidays to tide us over during the interim. Really, the way Filipinos celebrate Christmas is just different. Maybe the simplest way to explain would be to just let you listen to Reese Lansangan’s No Snow, one of my favorite songs. Purchasing power. If I convert things to Philippine Pesos before buying anything, I would not buy anything, period. Things are just so much more expensive here. Even if I adjust for that, by considering how much I’m paid for hour, say, food is just so much more expensive relative to other goods. After a while, I think I’ve gotten a good sense of how much things should cost, but I still get surprises from time to time. Is it just me or do none of my friends use Twitter? Sunrises, sunsets, and daylight savings time. Coming from a place where the sun rose and set at around 5:30 AM and 5:30 PM, every single day, it’s weird that we have to literally shift clocks in order to get sunrises and sunsets at better times. Online shopping is just so much easier here. Back at home, if you bought something from an online store, you’d expect to receive it in a week or two. Here, I can get it delivered in two or three days. It’s also way less sketchy, and delivery prices are so much lower, that it’s way more practical to shop online. Yeah, that’s it. Imagine I have a conclusion here. I promise my next post won’t be a list. 05 Okay, I can’t promise that. 18 Things All International Students Can Relate To! You won’t believe number 12! back to text ? unless you’re in a hospital, in which case, centimeters back to text ? I HAVE VERY STRONG FEELINGS ABOUT THIS TRIVIAL MATTER. back to text ? Celsius, of course back to text ? Okay, I can’t promise that. back to text ?

Btec Lever 3 in Customer Service Essay - 3547 Words

UNIT1 1.1 Explain how different methods of promoting products and/or services impact on customer service delivery Selling to consumers or other businesses, developing an effective sales strategy is the first step to persuading customers to part with their money. In particular, we need to identify which customers to focus the efforts on, the sales methods that will be use to reach them and how we will price the product or service. It is essential to plan carefully how to approach and make the pitch to customers. Careful preparation can help to demonstrate how the product will benefit the customer, handle any objections and close the sale. Personal recommendations can be one of the most effective forms of publicity. This is why we must†¦show more content†¦Simple forms of advertising can be highly effective, low cost or even free. These might include simply getting a sign painted on your van, putting a card up in your local newsagents window, creating a Facebook fan page or starting a Twitter feed. Often meeting with potential customers is often the most effective way to promote the business. Networking can also generate sales. Word of mouth is the best form of advertising - but it is earned, not paid for. Satisfied customers can be the best advocates, which is why customers’ needs should be satisfied every time. Much will depend on the quality of the products or services. How we deal with customer enquiries or complaints can be just as important. Promoting any business involves some trial and error. This is why we need to put in place a system for measuring the success of the marketing methods, which could be as simple as asking each new customer how they heard of you or including a promotion code for specific campaigns. 1.2 Explain who should be involved in the organisation of customer service delivery All ought all employees should be involved in best customer service delivery possible there should be place for executive service leaders and managers within the organisation. A person who successfully creates a customer-focused culture would have a huge impact on business success through employee retention and customer loyalty. 1.3 Explain the importance of differentiating between customers wants, needsShow MoreRelatedBtec Higher National Diploma in Business Unit 01: Organisation and Behaviour2317 Words   |  10 PagesBTEC Higher National Diploma in Business Unit 01: Organisation and Behaviour Name: Rahenara Begum Task 1: Understand the relationship between organisational structure and culture What is organisation behaviour? The impact that individuals groups and structure have on behavior within organisation effectiveness is known as Organizational behavior. Understanding the principles of the organisational behavior enables an understanding of how to relate to other members of the organisation. In a competitiveRead MoreDescribe Two Models for Change. Include Appropriate Examples in Your Answer. Identify the Necessary Steps for Planning the Implementation Process for Each of the Models3403 Words   |  14 PagesBusiness Process Re-engineering Definition The world today is ever changing, moving from one phase to the other and the only thing that does not change is ‘change’ itself. As the modern business environment is propelled by the three Cs namely Customer, Competition and Change, organisations are always looking for new business innovations to salvage their ailing enterprise. (Hammer and Champy, 1993) One of such solutions that have been identified and used by many companies is the Business ProcessRead MoreThe Impact Of Fiscal And Monetary Policy On Business Organizations And Their Activities3036 Words   |  13 Pagesproduction.The type of example of plan economy is North Korea that government control the production. There are no doubt about that plan economy system gives some benefits to the economic and society.Firstly, government provides enough goods and services for their residents to consume in the plan economy. People do not worry about their life under the plan economy managing. Although plan economy system gives benefits to citizen and the societies in the country, they are frequently reported failingRead MoreHuman Resource Management5283 Words   |  22 Pages1. Introduction This assignment of BTEC HND in Business management and HRM is related to the Unit 21 which is Human resource management. The subjects of Human resource management covering areas are different between personnel management and HRM, roles of the human resource manager, Human resource planning process, job evaluation and performance evaluation, recruitment and selection procedure, selection technique, reward management system, exit strategies and redundancy. This assignment gives

The Theories Of Criminology And The Riots - 930 Words

Every crime has a correlation with a theory in criminology. These theories explain why crime happens and some even go to the extent to come up with a solution to prevent or stop crime. This paper will explore how certain theories of criminology connect with the riots that happened in Ferguson, Missouri. Facts from different articles will be used to back up the theory. The theories will explain why rioters committed the crimes did. The paper will take the actions of the protestors and explain why they did what they did. Theories of Criminology and their Correlations With The Ferguson Riots. Theories of criminology were developed centuries ago so people can go in depth to seek what cause crime and why. In some cases these theories can eve go to the extent to prevent the crimes from happening again. Over the years more theories have been developed and the theories that have already been developed have been added to so they fit a larger spectrum. What cause a person to commit a crime and why would they commit a certain crime over another? These theories that have been developed give us an insight to the answer of these questions. These theories are used so Criminologist can have a better understanding of crime such as the Ferguson, Missouri riots that took place after the August of 2014. To begin with, one example of the theories of criminology is Subcultural Theory. In the book Criminology Today, James Schmalleger (2015) defines Subcultural Theory as â€Å"a sociologicalShow MoreRelated3 Key Differences between Orthodox and Critical Criminologies762 W ords   |  3 Pagescritical criminologies? Use examples of readings that reflect both criminologies to illustrate your response. Orthodox criminology refers to the how criminologists accept the states ideas of crime without thinking of power relations. This thinking is shared by everyone and becomes a universal idea and these ideas are in the interests of everyone. However, certain groups of individuals are targeted and blamed for crimes based on their class, race, gender, sexuality and more. The theory of CriticalRead MoreUsing a Particular Service User Group Critically Analyse the Theoretical Principles with Regard to Social Justice and Social Exclusion1409 Words   |  6 PagesThe 2011 London riots had many implications for society especially for young people; this essay seeks to analytically and critically discuss young offenders involved, using social exclusion and social justice as the main focus. This piece of work will briefly look at the historical context of social exclusion and social justice to create a platform, it will then move on to theoretical principles which offer an understanding of socia l exclusion and social justice. The implications of social exclusionRead MoreExplanation to Crime and Deviancy Essay1446 Words   |  6 Pages True Crime or Moral Panic? Evaluate and apply sociological theories relating to crime and deviance Explanations of Crime and Deviancy Crime - an action or omission which constitutes an offence and is punishable by law. Deviance-the fact or state of diverging from usual or accepted standards, especially in social or sexual behavior. Crime and deviance are seemingly effortlessly defined by the Oxford dictionary. However sociological prospectives have differing views on crime and the explanationsRead MoreCriminology - Causes of the 2011 London Riots4495 Words   |  18 PagesCriminology Coursework – Assessing the riots... Criminology is focused on the attempt to understand the meanings involved in social interaction. Theorists have tried to explain sociological behaviour by looking at the patterns created by individuals that commit crime. The August 2011 riots are pivotal in explaining criminological behaviour since official statistics show that 865 individuals were put in prison by the 9th September 2011 for offences related to the disorder between 6th and 9th AugustRead MoreCriminal Activity And Its Control1851 Words   |  8 Pagescontemporary criminology such as realist and critical challenge popular representations, commonsensical images and explanations of crime and its control. Contemporary criminology uses scientific methodology, creating research data that looks at the larger issue of crime, being the social construct of ever altering societies and cultures. Contemporary criminology contains a wide range of theoretical approaches from which all take stands against the older theories like Lombroso’s classic theory ‘Born criminals’Read MorePsychological Elements of the Crowd Essays1552 Words   |  7 PagesConforming to Riots: Psychological Elements of the Crowd I. Introduction From a psychological standpoint, crowds have been an elusive, enigmatic and frightening phenomenon; the nuances of the human mind in itself are elements which evoke worlds of study on their own, let alone the implications of attempting to analyze a collective of such minds. However, the study of crowd psychology is obligatory to enhance knowledge in many a field of study, including criminology and political science. Society’sRead MoreStrain Theory And Its Impact On Society1736 Words   |  7 PagesStrain theory is a `more prominent issue in today’s world than many seem to think. Strain theory is the answer to several of life’s greatest questions, including, â€Å"Why do people riot?† and â€Å"Why are people pressured to live a life of crime?† The answer to that is strain theory: certain individuals fall into the pressure that the rest of society puts on everyone, that in order to be worth something and respected, they must be of a certain status. 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Some of these theories have been said to withstand the test of time, and even been used as building blocks for newer theories. Others, however, have been deemed â€Å"bad† theories, or simply have not held up to the passage ofRead More How Crime and Deviance Can Be Seen As Functional for Society1723 Words   |  7 Pages Crime and deviance are acts that will elicit dissent from society. They take various forms and involve various concepts and theories. It will be the aim of this paper to explore those that are considered to be functional for society. It was Emile Durkheim who first clearly established the logic behind the functional approach to the study of crime and deviance[1] when he wrote The Rules of Sociological Method and The Division of Labour[2]. In those works, Durkheim

Managing Cultural Diveristy Free Essays

SHMS – Leysin| Leadership Across Cultures| Managing Workforce Diversity| 131LAC| Mukhtar Mammadov| BAHE 2| 3/22/2013 | Table of Contents Introduction2 Discussion3 Conclusion7 Introduction Culture in its many forms and approaches is a very popular subject researched by many authors. The definition of culture from Geert Hofstede, the most cited social scientist according to Powell (2006) comes as â€Å"the collective programming of the mind that distinguishes the members of one group or category of humans from another†. (1982) He mentions that these differences exist in nations, geographic regions, generations, genders, social classes and many more. We will write a custom essay sample on Managing Cultural Diveristy or any similar topic only for you Order Now As Hofstede simply puts it, â€Å"the unwritten rules of the social game†. (2013) It has also been described in a less scientific language as â€Å"something to do with the people and unique quality and style of organization†, (Kilmann et al. 1985) and â€Å"the way we do things around here†. (Deal Kennedy, 1982) Other sources provide hundreds of various definitions. Lee and Yu (2004) argue that the number of definitions is so broad because of the versatile approaches and frameworks in which culture is researched. The 3 main social sciences – psychology, anthropology and sociology have different views on the issue. However, the researchers tend to agree that culture cannot be defined using one universal definition. Groeschl and Doherty(2000) quote Tayeb (1994), who argues that â€Å"culture is too fundamental to be solved through tighter definition†. Greater implication for the managerial tasks, however, comes from the cultural diversity. Cox (1993) defines diversity as â€Å"representation, in one social system, of people with distinctly different group affiliations of cultural significance†. Factors differentiating these people include cultural background, race, education, age, physical and cognitive ability among other. Seymen, 2006) These criteria indicate that difference is significant not only at the level of national or ethnic customization but also at an internal, individual level. In the modern globalized world, people of various backgrounds inevitably meet, work in teams, arrange business deals, receive and provide service to each other and live together in the same envi ronment. In such conditions, individuals and especially companies, poorly prepared to the variety of values, beliefs and attitudes towards same issues will find themselves at a disadvantage. This report will outline the issues of managing cultural diversity, their importance in hospitality industry as well as benefits and disadvantages. Further, the importance of diversity recruitment will be discussed along with contemporary theories and strategies used to gain competitive advantage. As the topic is very broad, The main issues and in recruitment policies will be briefly outlined followed by a focused discussion on selecting and recruiting employees and managers for international assignments (IA). Discussion Two interconnected activities have been identified that can grant companies a competitive advantage in terms of cultural difference: 1) having a diverse workforce and 2) managing the workforce diversity. (Aghazadeh, 2004) Aghazadeh discusses the forecasted changes in demographics and argues that having diverse workforce and being prepared to the demographic changes will also be ready to the change in market demands, giving it a competitive advantage. (2004) By doing so companies will have an inner source of information what the customer base expects an on dealing with the community. A diverse workforce also brings with it an obvious benefit of the language skills. According to White (1999, p. 477), having a diverse workforce benefits companies in 5 ways: * Easier attraction and retaining of the human talent. * Ability to understand and penetrate wider and enhanced markets. * Higher creativity and innovation * Better problem solving ability * Better adaptation to change and organizational flexibility Building a diverse workforce alone is not enough to gain the advantages connected to it. In order to benefit from the multicultural environment, it is important to effectively manage the diversity of existing staff. Magdaleno and Kleiner predicted that effective management of workforce diversity â€Å"will become the major determinate of the continued survival and success†¦ â€Å". (1996) A strong organizational culture can be a priceless intangible asset for any company that plans to grow. A â€Å"strong culture† must include artifacts such as rituals and organizational stories to illustrate particular cultural traits. (Lee Yu, 2004) The research by Denison (1984) has revealed that there is direct correlation between 1)organization of work, 2)decision making and financial performance. Various techniques and strategies, such as recruitment, training, managing â€Å"culture shock† and using predictors such as personality traits for international assignments can be used in aligning diversity management with requirements. (Gabel et al. , 2005; Migliore, 2011; Uwaje, 2009; Harvey, 2012; Tipper, 2004) Workforce diversity and its management, due to complexity, has several disadvantages. First and most obvious is the increase in training expenditures. The trainings such as lectures and seminars â€Å"are given to all levels of staff within the organization† are associated with high costs. Aghazadeh, 2004) Secondly, there is a threat of reverse discrimination. (Brunner, 2003) Reverse discrimination takes place when the cultural majority (e. g. Caucasian) claims to have been discriminated by a minority. Such events occur because of the appraisal and affirmation of a minority with little consideration for the majority. Another major drawback is the high probabi lity of conflicts. (White, 1999, p. 478) Aghazadeh states that such incidents usually occur as a result of an individual’s feeling superior. 2004) Indeed, it is a common sight that, for example, an older employee has disagreements and misunderstandings with younger. It can, however be combated using ongoing training and managerial intervention. A study by Bajawa (2006) on the executives’ opinions on the advantages and disadvantages of culturally diverse workforce discovered that they are not threatened by possible negative effects. As one of the senior HR managers responsible for diversity policy and implementation mentioned, he does not think there are any disadvantages; â€Å"they are all advantages – †¦ etention of employees, reduced training costs, attraction in the first place†¦ â€Å". Not only has he mentioned the positive effects but also finds that diversifying and managing workforce correctly reduces the training costs. In the hospitality i ndustry managing cultural diversity is perhaps even more important that most other industries, – diverse staff body constantly interacts with customers of various cultural background and on every level of operation. (Baum et al. , 2007) Particularly in hotel, tourism and travel industries the amount of intercultural communication can be overwhelming. It is, therefore of grave importance to carefully develop and apply practices necessary to upkeep employee motivation and comfort. One of the strategies that can be used to manage cultural diversity is to understand the importance and carefully implement practices in recruiting the diverse workforce. Hiring the best candidate for the job available, regardless of the cultural background also assures a reliable, diverse pool of talent is available for promotion, since many companies prefer to look for managers internally. D’Netto and Sohal (1999) provide a list of the best practices popular in recruiting diverse workforce: development of job description, that complies with anti-discrimination legislation and that covers experiences and qualifications; job advertisements in a number of languages; presence of diverse managers in selection boards; implementing user-friendly techniques allowing interviewees an easy understanding and ability to answer questions to their best ability. They also argue that most managers fail at adjusting interviews to diverse candidate base. According to Tipper (2004), there are 5 elements for a successful diversity recruitment strategy: 1) Knowing the market. It is essential to know the pool of available talented candidates in order to effectively recruit from minority groups. These employees can then be used internally in coordination with sales and marketing departments to develop a more â€Å"sophisticated marketing strategy for attracting and retaining diverse customers†. By doing so companies hit 2 hares with 1 shot – get talented employees and enhance their marketing strategies. 2) Build the business case. Letting the hiring managers understand and appreciate the reasons and benefits for diversity recruitment can make a great difference. Successful companies put presence of cultural diversity in their ranks as an improvement to their bottom-line and benefit from financial improvements. 3) Channels to Market. Widening the number of channels used to advertise available positions might greatly improve the chances for success in diversity recruitment. Placing information in magazines, journals and websites popular among the known talent market instead of only national, traditional media can be a decisive factor. It is important, however, to notice, that some minorities might be suspicious about the reasons for companies to target them as potential employees. Therefore it has to be clearly communicated why companies target diverse employees. 4) Reward recruiters. It takes money, time and skill to produce desired results. Therefore successful recruiters should be legitimately rewarded for their efforts in this, sometimes undervalued, issue. Tipper suggests that 5-10% of the hiring manager’s pay should be â€Å"based on diversity recruitment and retention results†. ) An ongoing focus. The task is not finished once new diverse employees have been recruited. After the successful â€Å"first step† the new personnel needs to be trained on an ongoing basis. At the same time companies must understand the inner drivers and motivators of their staff. To do so, additional measures like informing supervisors of the importance of minority employees, hiring internal audits and diversit y policy communication tools should be implemented. For the hospitality industry, given its nature, there is an increased need or developing and implementing the strategies and techniques to recruiting and retaining talented diversity. Taking into consideration the international customer bases making up the majority of hotels’ and airlines’ clientele, a multicultural workforce may generate better experiences and in the long term, generate substantial financial and reputational benefits. Re-recruiting or simply assigning an employee to a new workplace abroad (further International Assignment or IA) requires additional measures to ensure successful execution. The managers assigned to work abroad need to be able to adjust to the new environment in the shortest period of time to provide maximum effectiveness. As in many cases these individuals experienced themselves as a part of majority, behavior as a minority representative in an another country may change dramatically, resulting in a phenomenon known as â€Å"Culture Shock†. Ward et al. (2005) argue that under shock, culture is rejected leading to anxiety and aggressiveness. Contemporary psychological research has revealed methods capable of predicting cultural adaptation. A study by Gabel et al. (2005) discovered that emotional intelligence (EI) above other factors, including empathy and social relations can predict the rate of adaptation to IA. Findings indicate that individuals with higher EI scales tended to adapt to the new cross-cultural environments better reducing the chance of them willing to terminate assignments. As EI is associated with the neuroticism dimension (also known as emotional stability) of the Big Five personality model used as a basis for many psychometric tests, this trait can be measured before the IA of an individual. It can have its implications when hiring a new manager for an IA or better preparing an existing employee. A latter research by Migliore (2011) has found correlations between the Big Five personality traits and the cultural dimensions presented by Geert Hofstede. It has detected particular connections between specific dimensions of the two theories: Extraversion | Individualism| Agreeableness | Power Distance| Conscientiousness | Masculinity| Neuroticism | Uncertainty Avoidance| Openness | Time Orientation| It might be difficult to measure the cultural preferences of an employee. Psychometric testing, aligned with the above mentioned findings offers a reliable way to compare the psychological profile of an employee with the cultural context of the location of new assignment on an individual level. Cain (2012) classifies some nations as introverted or extroverted. According to her, Finland and Japan are highly introverted, while the US is an extroverted country. Although she does not provide any correlations between personality and cultural dimensions, there is evidence of extroversion aligning with individualism, while introversion is closer to group orientation. Therefore, for example, a Finnish employee might find himself uncomfortable in the dynamic US, but have easier time adapting in Japan than an American at least as far as individualism dimension goes. Conclusion A multicultural workforce has its advantages and disadvantages. It is essential, especially in the hospitality industry, to engage in culturally diverse recruitment, as it enhances understanding and communication with the customer base, makes organizations more flexible and innovative, helps attract and retain talents and simply have a positive image of social responsibility in the media. Although it is associated with some drawbacks, such as increased costs of training, conflicts and misunderstanding among the employees, executives and researchers believe that building diversity in a company lead it to a competitive advantage. It has been shown, however, that simply employing diverse workforce is not enough; strategies for correct recruitment, retaining and training employees are necessary to reap the benefits. It is important to attract and select the right candidates through methods which do not affect their cultural background. In order to do so both internal and external measures need to be taken. Externally, it is important to clarify the reasons why cultural diversity is pursued in an organization, utilize the correct media channels. From inside the companies it is required to clearly state and create understanding of how cultural diversity in the organization benefits it intangibly and financially rather than â€Å"because it is the right thing to do†. It is also important to keep in mind the management’s efforts towards quality staff recruitment and to carry on the diversity policies on an ongoing basis. Another issue is the regular need to send managers and employees to international assignments. During these tasks there is a high probability of culture shock happening to traveling individuals without appropriate preparation. The resent research in psychology has revealed several ways of predicting successful adaptation to the international assignments. High scores in factors such as emotional intelligence were found to be able to forecast quick overcoming of culture shock and reducing the threat of rejecting assignments/withdrawal. Furthermore, it is possible to test the approximate correlations between the culture of destination and the personal habits of an individual using the psychometric tests. Overall, there are many strategies and methods to managing workforce diversity, but only careful and sophisticated organizational culture and established policies can lead to the highest levels of rewards it can bring. As long as the concern about multicultural staff is genuine, is communicated extensively and is perceived to be true, it will grant great competitive advantage. Bibliography Aghazadeh, S. (2004). Managing Workforce Diversity as an Essential Resource for Improving Organizational Performance, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management. [e-journal] 53(6), pp. 532-531. Available Through: Emerald ;http://www. emeraldinsight. com. ezproxy. derby. ac. uk/journals. htm? issn=1741-0401;volume=53;issue=6;articleid=1509196;show=html; [Accessed 21 March 2013] Bajawa, A. and Woodall, J. (2006). Equal Opportunity and Diversity Management Meet Downsizing: A Case Study in the UK Airline Industry, Employee Relations. [e-journal] 28(1), pp. 46-61. Available Through: Emerald ;http://www. emeraldinsight. com. ezproxy. derby. ac. uk/journals. htm? issn=0142-5455;volume=28;issue=1;articleid=1535132;show=html; [Accessed 21 March 2013] Baum, T. , Dutton, E. , Karimi, S. , Kokkranikal, J,. , Devine, D. and Hearns, N. (2007). Cultural Diversity in Hospitality Work, Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal. How to cite Managing Cultural Diveristy, Essay examples

Claude Monet Essay Research Paper Claude Monet 2 free essay sample

Claude Monet Essay, Research Paper Claude Monet: Grainstack ( Sunset ) Claude Monet # 8217 ; s Grainstack ( Sunset ) is the picture I chose from the Boston Museum of Fine Arts. Monet was an impressionist painter in France, and did most of his work at his place at Giverny. Impressionism got is name from a picture that Monet painted, Impression Sunrise. Impressionist pictures are put into a class based on features such as visible radiation that draws attending to objects, unsmooth textures, and ocular pleasance that the spectator receives upon looking at the pictures. Impressionist pictures are art for humanistic disciplines interest and concentrate on leisure and nature. These pictures are by and large the most good known and popular pictures because of their attractive visual aspect. The Grainstack ( Sunset ) was painted between 1890 and 1891, and is a portion of Monet # 8217 ; s first true series pictures. During the clip of this series Kennedy 2 was painted, there was a batch of unrest traveling on in Europe. Many of the major metropoliss were sing industrial growing, and it was doing the people to endure from a magnitude of societal jobs. There were high rates of self-destruction, and anarchist groups. Over the old ages to follow, 1889 to 1894, there were at least 600 work stoppages affecting 120,000 workers. There were bombardments, foraies, and broad spread fright across the state. It was during this clip period that Monet was traveling to set up himself as one of the major painters of the state. As the spectator looks at this picture, they are taken into a rural scene. You notice foremost the grainstack as the major object in the picture. As you move around the picture, there are many striking countries of visible radiation. The sundown causes a superb show of colourss around the scene. The sky is melting in the background as the Sun sundowns. There is a little sum of blue still hanging in the sky, and under that a big part of a xanthous chromaticity from the Sun scene. As the suns sets further it do a pink colour above the land. The sundown has cause the grainstacks colour to darken. You can see that the light left in the scene is on the other side of the stack. There is a shadow dramatis personae of the back side, doing the tonss top dark brown, and the underside a dark ruddy. Kennedy 3 The rural scene in the Grainstack ( Sunset ) , every bit good as the other grainstacks in his series pictures, all fundamentally portion many of the same features. The hayricks are neer overwhelmed by visible radiation. As in the Grainstack ( Sunset ) , the stack holds it ain in the picture. The light merely draws attending to the picture to it. The conelike top and organic structure of the stack are outlined by the visible radiation and do it the focal point of the picture. It is really rare for the tonss to be entirely. At first glimpse in the picture they are difficult to detect, but when the spectator looks closer at the picture there is a row of farmhouses in the background of the picture. The farmhouse to the farthest right portion of the picture is the largest. They decrease in size until the in-between house and so get down to acquire larger once more. These farmhouses complete the landscape and give grainstack a topographic point, so it is merely non sitting out in an unfast ened field with nil else around it. The farmhouses in the background of the picture represent a batch of what France was. The agribusiness at this clip was really of import to the economic system of France. Monet lived in an country that was chiefly farm land all around him. The grainstacks were a critical merchandise to the husbandmans who inhabited these farmhouses. These grainstacks represented the wealth of the husbandmans and the town, every bit good as their hopes for the hereafter. The tonss had Kennedy 4 been carefully constructed, proposing that the husbandmans, who built these, evidently took a batch of clip and attention in acquiring the tonss up. The grainstacks besides show that the Fieldss were fertile for turning and that the land was bring forthing for the husbandmans ( Hayes Tucker, Monet in the 90 # 8217 ; s, pg. 83-84 ) . The spectator can state that the farmhouses were besides an indispensable portion of the picture. The places were placed in the same horizontal as the cones of the tonss. They provide themselves with adequate magnitude to keep themselves against the larger figures. There is an tremendous difference between Monet # 8217 ; s word picture of farm life and the work the husbandmans did, and the Realists word picture how life was. Monet gave a image of hard-working people, who tended to their land with great item and difficult work. The Realists on the other manus had a inclination to do life look a small better than what it truly was. The Grainstack ( Sunset ) is a extremely geometric picture. The grainstack has a conelike top and the underside that supports it is a parallelogram. Many of the objects in the picture run parallel with the remainder of the picture. The skyline where the Sun is puting tallies parallel with the mountain or hilly country in the background of the picture. The farmhouses besides run parallel with this, but besides with the centre of the grainstack, and the Kennedy 5 Fieldss below it. The farmhouses roofs all run diagonally with each other every bit good as with the roof of the stack ( Hayes Tucker, Monet in the 90 # 8217 ; s, pg. 77 ) . Each point of the picture has something that it relates to in a geometrical manner. Even though the forms may see unvarying in description, the grainstacks and farmhouse have their ain individualities. When looking at several grainstacks each one has its ain single features. Physically some of them may be smaller with larger conelike tops, or precisely the antonym. Nature besides plays a function in their peculiar visual aspect. Some of the grainstacks are covered in snow, are shown at dawn, or they have a combination of effects. Monet had an ability to do them stand out from each other and do them highly different. When the spectator is looking at the picture, there are a few inside informations that draw you into the picture. First, is the low position point of the picture. As a individual stands sing the picture they are lower than everything in it. It appears that the grainstack is on a spot of an slope, and the spectator is at the underside of a little hill. From the underside of the hill you can see all of the grainstack, the land behind it, farmhouses, and all the scenery behind that. The position nevertheless, Michigans on the right side of the grainstack. From the low point of view it appears that the grainstack blocks your position except for on the Kennedy 6 left side. In the picture there is an expansive position of the sky. The top of the grainstack merely takes up a part of the painting even though it appears to be the largest portion of the picture. The spectator gets a position of the bright colourss in the sky that light up Monet # 8217 ; s work. There is a division between the two halves of the picture. The right side of the picture is besides darker because the Sun has already set on that portion. The colourss about maintain you to that one side so there is focal point on merely the grainstack. The shadow cast beneath the stack, dulls the colourss in a diagonal form to the corner of the picture. The left side of the picture is much brighter and inviting. The Sun has non wholly yet, so there is an array and mixture of colour. From the field, to the mountains, to the sky, attending is focused on this half of the picture. This side is more inviting and warm to the spectator. There were a few factors that influenced Monet during this clip when he was painting the Grainstack Series. He was the new proprietor of his house at Giverny, and he was passing a batch of clip out-of-doorss at his place. He was able to pass more clip than usual outside because of the mild winters they were sing. The temperature was seldom dropping below 20 grades, and snow was merely falling plenty to lightly cover the land for a Kennedy 7 short piece. This was enabling Monet to be outside at truly paint what he was seeing first manus, and with out memory. However, one of the major jobs was that he was painting in the out-of-doorss. The visual aspect of the sky, whether or non the Sun is lifting or puting, gave Monet a limited sum of clip before the minute he was painting was gone. This forced him to sometimes set the work off and go on it when the visible radiation was similar ( Hayes Tucker, Monet in the 90 # 8217 ; s, pg. 77 ) . When researching art works more carefully, there is a batch to be learned. Looking into a picture and happening out what is behind it makes the work a batch more interesting. Monet # 8217 ; s grainstacks have non merely learn me approximately him as a painter and why he painted as he did, but besides about France and what was traveling on during this period. His plants are a beautiful representation of what life was like, and what Monet was sing right in his ain backyard. Hayes Tucker, Paul. Monet in the 90 # 8217 ; s: Series Paintings. Boston Museum of Fine Arts ; New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989. Hayes Tucker, Paul. Monet in the Twentieth Century. Boston Museum of Fine Arts ; New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998. Frascina, Francis. Modernity and Modernism: Gallic Painting in the Nineteenth Century. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993. Gerdts, William H. Monet # 8217 ; s Giverny: An Impressionists Colony. New York: Abbeville Press, 1993. Copplestone, Trewin. The History and Techniques of the Great Masters: Monet. New Jersey: Chartwell Books, 1987. Tomkins, Calvin. # 8220 ; Monet # 8217 ; s Illusion. # 8221 ; Vanity Fair. July 1995, Vol. 58 Issue 7: pg. 96-102. Hurwitz, Laurie S. # 8220 ; The Well Planned Spontaneity of Claude Monet. # 8221 ; American Artist. March 1996, Vol. 60 Issue 644: pg. 56-64.